Klarinet Archive - Posting 000080.txt from 2011/01

From: Martin Baxter <martinbaxter1@-----.com>
Subj: Re: [kl] Trombones in K. 626
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2011 10:06:25 -0500

Dan, I remember playing bassoon in a chamber work by Matthias Weckmann which included trombone and which is surely pre-classical era.
Martin
On 10 Jan 2011, at 17:42, Dan Leeson wrote:

It is not a complete answer to your question, but try this:

The repertoire of trombone solo and chamber literature has its beginnings in Austria in the Classical Era where composers such as Leopold Mozart, Georg Christoph Wagenseil, Johann Albrechtsberger and Johann Ernst Eberlin were featuring the instrument, often in partnership with a voice. Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart used the trombones in a number of their sacred works, including two extended duets with voice from Mozart, the best known being in the Tuba Mirum of his Requiem. The inspiration for many of these works was no doubt the virtuosic playing of Thomas Gschladt who worked in the court orchestra at Salzburg, although when his playing faded, so did the general composing output for the instrument. The trombone retained its traditional associations with the opera house and theChurch during the 18th century and was usually employed in the usual alto/tenor/bass trio to support the lower voices of the chorus, though Viennese court orchestra Kapellmeister Johann Joseph Fux
rejected an application from a bass trombonist in 1726 and restricted the use of trombones to alto and tenor only, which remained the case almost until the turn of the 19th century in Vienna, after which time a second tenor trombone was added when necessary. The construction of the trombone changed relatively little between the Baroque period and Classical period with the most obvious feature being the slightly more flared bell than was previously the custom.
The first use of the trombone in a symphony was in 1807 in the Symphony in E? by the Swedish composer Joachim Nicolas Eggert, although the composer usually credited with its introduction into the symphony orchestra wasLudwig van Beethoven, who used it in the last movement of his Symphony No. 5 in C minor (1808). Beethoven also used trombones in his Symphony No. 6 in F major ("Pastoral") and Symphony No. 9 ("Choral").

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