Klarinet Archive - Posting 000540.txt from 1999/03
From: James.P.Reed@-----.net (James P Reed)
Subj: [kl] Pitch over the years
Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 16:50:17 -0500
Trevor Barnes posted this information on the alt.music.saxophone list
today and I thought some people here might be interested in it.
HISTORY OF PITCH LEVELS IN MUSIC OVER CENTURIES.
PITCH REFERENCE
>From Year 1511 To Present Day .
Comparison guide - Today's A = 440 Concert pitch (equally tempered
keyboard scale) from which reference is derived the following:-
Year Pitch of NOTE A
1511 Heidelberg Church 377 Hz
1648 Paris Church 373.7
1699 Paris Opera 404
1700's Old Pitch 422
1751 Handel's Tuning Fork 422.5
1810 Paris Opera 423
1858 Paris Opera (Great Exhibition time) 428
Scientific Pitch Obsolete 430.54
1990 Rudolph Steiner Revived pitch. 432
1826 London Philharmonic 433
1859 French Government 435
1891 Normal Continental 435
1896 Normal Continental 435
1896 Philharmonic Society R.A.M. 439
1925 British Standard
American Federation of Musicians
American Music Industry
Universal Low Pitch
American Standard 1939 International
Conference 440
1930's Medium Old Royal Society Arts 444
1879 Covent Garden Opera 450
1920 Kneller Hall Pitch (Military) 452
1930's English Old Philharmonic Concert 454
1361 Halberstadt Organ 505.8
1619 North German Organ 567.3
1833-1834
Weimar 424
Stuttgart 440
Berlin 437 442
Vienna 439 434 445
Paris 430 435 443
1858 Toulouse 437
Bordeaux 443
Marseilles 446
Lille 452
Paris 444 448 435
London 455 443
Brussels 445
Budapest 446
Madrid 444
St Petersburg 436 451
Naples 445
1859 435-452
1875-1885
1874-76 London 454
1877 Wagner Festival 455
1877-80
London Covent Garden Harmonium 1 449
2 447
Organ 441
Education Orchestra 450
1880 Erard Piano tuning 455
Steinway in London 455
Covent Garden tuning fork to tune orchestra 435
1878 Vienna Opera House 447
according to Ulmann
1876 Brussels proposed by Meerens 432
1878 Dresden 439
1880 Boston tuning fork for orchestra 448
made up of Germans
1880 Cincinnati 456
1880 New York tuning pitch of Steinway 457
1879 Hamburg Opera House 446
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